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Acute Anticonvulsant Effect and Toxicity of Senna tora Leaves Extracts in Seizure Test in Mice
Katoucha Sidoine Zouakeu Ngatcha,
Elisabeth Ngo Bum,
Ur Rehman Nisar,
Nicolas Yanou Njintang
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2020
Pages:
1-10
Received:
15 December 2019
Accepted:
7 January 2020
Published:
16 January 2020
Abstract: Senna tora leaves are used as traditional medicine in Africa for the treatment of many disorders. In Cameroon, the leaves of this plant are used for the treatment of convulsions and malaria. No work has been interested on the anticonvulsant activity and toxicity of Senna tora as affected by solvent extraction. This study has the objective to evaluate the anticonvulsant activity and toxicity of Senna tora extracts. The extracts were produced by maceration in 4 different solvents (water, ethanol, methanol and hydroethanol) and by decoction. Several doses (45, 112.5, 225 and 450 mg / kg) of the five Senna tora extracts were tested for their efficacy against convulsion induced by bicuculin, kainic acid, strychnine and picrotoxin. Normal, negative and positive (phenobarbital and clonazepam treatment) control treatments were equally tested. Firstly, the animal received the treatment (per os), after 1 hour all they animals received the injection of convulsivant solution except normal control. Latency time and duration of convulsion were noted. For acute toxicity, the animals received one dose (5000mg/kg) of the different extracts and were observed during 7 days. As results, it appeared that the methanolic, ethanolic and hydroethanolic extract at the dose 450 mg/kg protected 80% of mice against convulsion induced by strychnine, picrotoxin. In addition, the plant induced a significant decreased of the duration of convulsions. Moreover, no dead nor toxicity were observed for administration doses less than 5000 mg/kg body weight. Definitively, Senna tora extracts exhibit anticonvulsant and are not toxic, thus pointing out the use of the plant in the treatment of epilepsy.
Abstract: Senna tora leaves are used as traditional medicine in Africa for the treatment of many disorders. In Cameroon, the leaves of this plant are used for the treatment of convulsions and malaria. No work has been interested on the anticonvulsant activity and toxicity of Senna tora as affected by solvent extraction. This study has the objective to evalua...
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Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Ultrasound Gel for Ultrasonography
Ferdoushi Jahan,
Md. Abdul Momen,
Afroza Akter Happy,
Md. Hemayet Hossain,
Md. Ahedul Akbor,
Sharmin Ahmed
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2020
Pages:
11-15
Received:
12 December 2019
Accepted:
2 January 2020
Published:
21 January 2020
Abstract: This research paper provides the formulation idea of herbal ultrasound gel that is of good quality. In this formulation some available chemicals and natural ingredient were used which has no harmful effect to human skin. Chemicals that used were poly acrylic acid, sodium benzoate, glycerine, food grade color, tri-ethanolamine and natural ingredient is aloe vera extract which shows effective activity against allergic, irritation and inflammation problem due to its synergistic property. Firstly, aloe gel was extracted by ethanol extraction. Gel was formulated combining all ingredients. To justify the effectiveness of any formulation, results of evaluation tests are very important. For this, necessary physicochemical properties such as appearance, transparency, consistency, homogeneity, pH, thermal stability, conductivity, spreadability, viscosity etc. were evaluated. The results were satisfactory. No microbial growth was found during the incubation period for the prepared ultrasound gel. Also, no adverse effect to the human skin like irritation, allergy, inflammation etc. was observed. Ultrasound gel usually acts as a conductive medium and the conductivity result provides the information about the image quality. Conductivity of this formulated gel was 4.05 µS/cm. Using this formulated ultrasound gel during ultrasonography, clear image was found which was also of good quality. The overall results suggest that this formulation can be considered as successful and used with no harmful effect compared to the synthetic ones.
Abstract: This research paper provides the formulation idea of herbal ultrasound gel that is of good quality. In this formulation some available chemicals and natural ingredient were used which has no harmful effect to human skin. Chemicals that used were poly acrylic acid, sodium benzoate, glycerine, food grade color, tri-ethanolamine and natural ingredient...
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Phytic Acid- an AntiNutrient Nutraceutical in Ethnic Vegetables Growing Wildly in Tribal Regions of Bangladesh
Amena Begum,
Mahbuba Kawser,
Samia Sams,
Parveen Begum,
Maksuda Khatun,
Shabnam Mostafa,
Muhammad Akhtaruzzaman,
Sheikh Nazrul Islam
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2020
Pages:
16-21
Received:
4 January 2020
Accepted:
16 January 2020
Published:
31 January 2020
Abstract: Phytate has nutraceutical property and scores of potential health benefits in spite of undesirable anti nutrient property. This article investigated phytic acid content in a wide variety of ethnic vegetables growing wildly in tribal regions of Bangladesh. The study was conducted on thirty four rare ethnic vegetables comprising 26 leafy and 8 non-leafy vegetables. A multiregional sampling plan was employed to collect representative samples. The vegetable were collected from weekly markets at Rangamati, Bandarban, Mymensing, Gazipur and Madhupur. The vegetable samples collected were identified and certified by a taxonomist of the Department of Botany, University of Dhaka. After taking the vegetables to the lab, the taxonomist confirmed their English and Scientific names. For the estimation of moisture 5g cleaned, air-dried, chopped and well mixed samples were taken and the remainder was first dried in the sun, then in an electric dryer. Dried samples were ground in a mechanical grinder, kept in auto seal packs and stored in clean desiccators to avoid further moisture gain. These samples (analytes) were ready for further analysis. Phytic acid was determined by Spectro-photometric method. The values reported were the means of three replicates. Two leafy and two non-leafy vegetables could not be identified taxonomically. Overall Phytic acid content in both leafy and non leafy vegetables was ranged from 3.10±0.07 to 72.18±0.56 mg per 100g edible portion. In leafy vegetables, Indian acalypha (Acalypha indica) contained the lowest content of phytic acid, while in the non leafy lowest phytic acid was present in the Greater Yam (Dioscorea alata). However, French/kidney bean (Vigna grahamiana), Bronze banana (Musa ornata), Yam (Dioscorea bulbifera), Lime (Citrus aurantifolia), Kamino (Caesalpinia digyna), Amsurothi, and tamarind leaves (Tamarindus indica) contained higher amount (ranged from 21.48±0.29 to 72.18±0.56 mg per 100g edible portion) of phytic acid followed by moderate amount of phytate contents in smartweed (Ampelygonum chinense), Greater galangal (Alpinia nigra), Duggal fiber tree leaves (Sarcochlamys pulcherrima) and Ghima leaves (Polycarpan prostratum) (ranged from 15.8±0.81 to 19.49±0.79 mg per 100g edible portion). Some other vegetables also had a lower phytic acid content. These ethnic rare vegetables which are rich in phytic acid and other nutrients have both nutraceutical and antioxidant potential could cure future environment and stress induced non communicable chronic diseases.
Abstract: Phytate has nutraceutical property and scores of potential health benefits in spite of undesirable anti nutrient property. This article investigated phytic acid content in a wide variety of ethnic vegetables growing wildly in tribal regions of Bangladesh. The study was conducted on thirty four rare ethnic vegetables comprising 26 leafy and 8 non-le...
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In vitro Anthelmintic Activities of Extracts and Fractions of Cosmos sulphureus Cav, Against Onchocerca ochengi
Elodie Mimi Megnigueu,
Noël Jean Nyemb,
Ngwafu Nancy Ngwasiri,
Adeline Sabine Yadang Fanta,
Francis Nveikoueing,
Siméon Fogue Kouam,
Dieudonné Ndjonka
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2020
Pages:
22-30
Received:
12 January 2020
Accepted:
7 February 2020
Published:
14 April 2020
Abstract: Medicinal plants have been of great importance to many traditional communities for many generations. However, there is need to carry out scientific studies in order to confirm the medicinal properties of many plants used traditionally. Cosmos sulphureus (Asteraceae) used by local communities for the treatment of various diseases has showed antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and antiplasmodial properties although there are no studies demonstrating its antionchocerca activity. The present study was undertaken to investigate the antionchocerca potential of crude extracts and chromatographic fractions of C. sulphureus using Onchocerca ochengi, a bovine filarial closest in phylogeny to Onchocerca volvulus. Solvent extraction of the parts of C. sulphureus was performed using distilled water, 70% EtOH, MeOH, CH2Cl2 and a mixture of MeOH/CH2Cl2 (v/v). Anthelmintic assay was evaluated on adult worms of O. ochengi and worm viability was assessed biochemically using the dimethylthiazol (MTT) formazan assay. Acute and sub-acute oral toxicities of the promising extract was investigated in mice. The chemical composition of extracts was revealed. EtOH extract of roots showed highest anthelmintic activity with an LC50 value of 31.01±1.17 μg/mL which was more significant than the one of ivermectin (LC50=42.78 μg/mL) used as standard. The other extracts show moderate activities. The most active fraction obtained from EtOH extract of roots had an LC50 value of 19.10 μg/mL on male worm. For acute toxicity, a single dose of 2000 mg/kg used induced no critical behavioral changes or death. In sub- acute toxicity, daily oral administration of hydro-ethanolic extracts of roots at the dose of 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg revealed disturbances in the normal growth of animals as well as liver and kidney alterations. These results unfold potential sources of novel anti-onchocerca lead compounds and validate the traditional use of the plants in onchocerciasis treatment.
Abstract: Medicinal plants have been of great importance to many traditional communities for many generations. However, there is need to carry out scientific studies in order to confirm the medicinal properties of many plants used traditionally. Cosmos sulphureus (Asteraceae) used by local communities for the treatment of various diseases has showed antioxid...
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