Three Serum Electrolytes Profile (Na+, K+ and Cl-) of Anaemic Patients at the Biyem-Assi District Hospital in Yaounde (Cameroon)
Akah Roland Tiagha,
Charles Fokunang Ntungwen,
Fernand-Nestor Tchuenguem Fohouo,
Armel Herve Nwabo Kamdje
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 3, August 2015
Pages:
42-47
Received:
9 June 2015
Accepted:
25 June 2015
Published:
1 July 2015
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of serum sodium, potassium and chlorine disorders on anaemic patients and to assess their effects and measures of managing it. A prospective study was conducted on 110 patients at the Biyem-Assi District Hospital (Yaounde, Cameroon). Normal serum concentrations of sodium, potassium and chlorine were considered as 136 – 145 mEq/l, 3.5 – 5.0 mEq/l and 96 – 106 mEq/l respectively. The variables were considered significant when P < 0.005. Out of the total number of people recorded, there were 81 females (73.64 %) and 29 males (26.36 %). The prevalence of sodium imbalance hyponatremia, and hypernatremia are 20 (18.18 %) and 0 (0 %) respectively. The prevalence of potassium imbalance hypokalemia and hyperkalemia were 12 (10.91 %) and 14 (12.73 %) respectively. The prevalence of chloride disturbance, hypochloremia and hyperchloremia were 2 (1.82 %) and 21 (19.09 %) respectively. Amongst the variables chosen, only three variables had p-values that were significant that is sodium and level of education, potassium and occupation, and potassium and diarrhoea, but some were not significant for the study. Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia were highly prevalent in anemic patients. The severity of serum sodium, potassium and chlorine disturbances on anemic patients remains a significant predictor of mortality. Thus, correcting electrolyte disturbances in these anemic patients is important. Serum chloride levels showed no particular pattern or significant difference on the various variables.
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of serum sodium, potassium and chlorine disorders on anaemic patients and to assess their effects and measures of managing it. A prospective study was conducted on 110 patients at the Biyem-Assi District Hospital (Yaounde, Cameroon). Normal serum concentrations of sodium, potassium and chlorine were consi...
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In Vitro Toxicity Test of Strichnos johnsonnii (Loganiaceae) on a Strain of Staphylococcus aureus
Cecile Okalla Ebongue,
Fanny Aimee Essombe Malolo,
François Eya Ane Meva,
Lidwine Ngah,
Jean Claude Ndom,
Emmanuel Mpondo Mpondo
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 3, August 2015
Pages:
48-52
Received:
15 June 2015
Accepted:
25 June 2015
Published:
1 July 2015
Abstract: The aim of this study was to test the in vitro toxicity of an extract of Strychnos johnsonii (Loganiaceae) on a strain of Staphylococcus aureus. The tests were performed in the bacteriology unit of the Douala General Hospital biology laboratory, dealing with an extract from the bark of stem of Strychnos johnsonii (Loganiaceae) harvested at Etome village, South West Cameroon and authenticated by a botanist. The plant extract was obtained by maceration in 300 mL of ethanol for 120 hours. The filtrate obtained was evaporated under vacuum, at 50° C, 250 mbar of pressure and at a speed of 125 rounds per minute. The residual solvent was eliminated in an incubator at 37° C for one week to give dry extract. Selected bacterial strain came from pus collected from an in-patient. By its biochemical and enzymatic characters, this strain showed 90.9% homology with the Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213-reference strain. No bacterial growth were observed on Mannitol Salt, EMB and Sabouraud-Chloramphenicol agar plates after 48 hours of incubation, evidence that the extract contained no germs before the test. The number of initial colonies for the time t0 averaged 225. The point of intersection between the inhibition curve and the x-axis as the MIC corresponds to 0,04 g/mL. The smallest concentration of the extract for which the growth of Staphylococcus aureus is zero on the Mannitol salt agar was 0.04 g/mL. Therefore, the MIC amounts to MBC. The results obtained showed a bactericidal effect, which could be, attributed to the presence of indole alkaloids in the plant.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to test the in vitro toxicity of an extract of Strychnos johnsonii (Loganiaceae) on a strain of Staphylococcus aureus. The tests were performed in the bacteriology unit of the Douala General Hospital biology laboratory, dealing with an extract from the bark of stem of Strychnos johnsonii (Loganiaceae) harvested at Etome vi...
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